Аллалыев Р.М. От средневековой максимы к идеалу политической морали: идея верховенства права в Англии (XIV–XVII вв.)

Научная статья
УДК 340.15
https://doi.org/10.24158/tipor.2026.4.27
 
От средневековой максимы к идеалу политической морали:
идея верховенства права в Англии (XIV–XVII вв.)
 
Руслан Мурадович Аллалыев
Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы
при Президенте Российской Федерации, Москва, Россия,
allalyev-rm@rudn.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0334-6862
 
Аннотация. Статья посвящена пересмотру устоявшихся представлений о генезисе концепции верховенства права (rule of law) в английский правовой традиции. Автор на основе анализа средневековых трактатов, материалов судебной практики и доктринальных источников XIV–XVII вв. доказывает, что эволюция термина прошла путь от конкретной правовой максимы (regulae juris) римско-канонического происхождения до абстрактного идеала политической морали. Ключевым выводом исследования является установление прямой корреляции между коммерциализацией английского общества, взрывным возрастанием товарного обмена и трансформацией понимания идеи верховенства права. В результате анализа раскрывается историческая роль судов общего права в формировании требования формального равенства. Работа вносит вклад в дискуссию о материальных предпосылках возникновения либеральной правовой идеологии.
Ключевые слова: верховенство права, законность, справедливость, правовая максима, принцип права, добродетель, regulae juris
Финансирование: инициативная работа.
Для цитирования: Аллалыев Р.М. От средневековой максимы к идеалу политической морали: идея верховенства права в Англии (XIV–XVII вв.) // Теория и практика общественного развития. 2026. № 4. С. 221–226. https://doi.org/10.24158/tipor.2026.4.27.
 
Original article
 
From Medieval Maxim to the Ideal of Political Morality:
The Idea of the Rule of Law in England (XIV–XVII Centuries)
 
Ruslan M. Allalyev
Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy
and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia,
allalyev-rm@rudn.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0334-6862
 
Abstract. The article revisits established views on the genesis of the rule of law concept in the English legal tradition. Based on an analysis of medieval treatises, judicial practice materials, and doctrinal sources from the 14^th to the 17^th centuries, it is emphasized that the evolution of the term has transitioned from a specific legal maxim (regulae juris) of Roman-canonical origin to an abstract ideal of political morality. The key finding of the study is the identification of a direct correlation between the commercialization of English society, the explosive growth of commodity exchange, and the transformation of the understanding of the rule of law. Particular attention is paid to the historical role of common law courts in shaping the demand for formal equality. This work contributes to the discussion on the material prerequisites for the emergence of liberal legal ideology.
Keywords: rule of law, legality, justice, legal maxim, principle of law, virtue, regulae juris
Funding: Independent work.
For citation: Allalyev, R.M. (2026) From Medieval Maxim to the Ideal of Political Morality: The Idea of the Rule of Law in England (XIV–XVII Centuries). Theory and Practice of Social Development. (4), 221–226. Available from: doi:10.24158/tipor.2026.4.27 (In Russian).

© Аллалыев Р.М., 2026

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