Аллалыев Р. М. Идея верховенства права в англо-американской правовой традиции: критика слева

Научная статья
УДК 340.15
https://doi.org/10.24158/tipor.2026.1.24

 

Идея верховенства права в англо-американской правовой традиции: критика слева

 
Руслан Мурадович Аллалыев
Российский государственный университет нефти и газа (НИУ) имени И. М. Губкина,
Москва, Россия, allalyev_rm@pfur.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0334-6862
 
Аннотация. Статья представляет собой комплексный анализ эволюции левой критики идеи верховенства права в рамках англо-американской интеллектуальной традиции. Автор выстраивает последовательную картину трансформации дискурса: от умеренного подхода, рассматривающего формальное верховенство права как «безусловное человеческое благо» и необходимый барьер против деспотизма, до радикального отрицания его нейтральности. В работе детально исследуется утверждение, что право служит инструментом легитимации капиталистического порядка и угнетения (М. Хорвиц, М. Мандел). Особый акцент делается на современном «деколониальном повороте» в критической юриспруденции, который разоблачает идеологическую и насильственную природу правовых процедур, их связь с колониальным наследием и глобальным неравенством (Д. Десотельс-Стейн, Дж. Мартел). Автор приходит к выводу, что верховенство права является не статичным идеалом, а полем идеологической борьбы, требующим радикального переосмысления. Преодоление концептуальной диффузии и методологического кризиса видится в смещении фокуса с защиты существующего статус-кво на преобразование права в инструмент социальной справедливости и эмансипации.
Ключевые слова: верховенство права, англо-американская правовая традиция, левая критика, критическая теория права, идеология, капитализм, колониализм, деколонизация права, насилие права, легальный формализм, государство всеобщего благоденствия
Финансирование: инициативная работа.
Для цитирования: Аллалыев Р. М.Идея верховенства права в англо-американской правовой традиции: критика слева. // Теория и практика общественного развития. 2026. № 1. С. 197–204. https://doi.org/10.24158/tipor.2026.1.24.
 
Original article

 

The Idea of the Rule of Law in the Anglo-American Legal Tradition: Leftist Critique

 
Ruslan M. Allalyev
Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, Moscow, Russia,
allalyev_rm@pfur.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0334-6862
 
Abstract. The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of the leftist critique of the idea of the rule of law within the Anglo-American intellectual tradition. The author constructs a coherent picture of the discourse's transformation: from a moderate approach that views formal rule of law as an “unqualified human good” and a necessary barrier against despotism, to its radical denial of neutrality. The work scrutinizes the assertion that law serves as an instrument for legitimizing the capitalist order and oppression (M. Horwitz, M. Mandel). Particular emphasis is placed on the contemporary “decolonial turn” in critical jurisprudence, which exposes the ideological and violent nature of legal procedures, their connection to colonial legacy and global inequality (J. Desautels-Stein, J. Martel). The author concludes that the rule of law is not a static ideal but a field of ideological struggle requiring radical rethinking. Overcoming conceptual diffusion and methodological crisis is seen in shifting the focus from defending the existing status quo towards transforming law into an instrument of social justice and emancipation.
Keywords: Rule of Law, Anglo-American Legal Tradition, Leftist Critique, Critical Legal Studies, Ideology, Capitalism, Colonialism, Decolonization of Law, Violence of Law, Legal Formalism, Welfare State
Funding: Independent work.
For citation: Allalyev, R. M. (2026) The Idea of the Rule of Law in the Anglo-American Legal Tradition: Leftist Critique. Theory and Practice of Social Development. (1), 197–204. Available from: doi:10.24158/tipor.2026.1.24 (In Russian).

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References:
 
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Belton, R. K. (2005) Competing Definitions of the Rule of Law: Implications for Practitioners. Carnegie Papers. (55), 1‒44.
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Carothers, T. (1998) The Rule of Law Revival. Foreign Affairs. 77 (2), 95–106.
Clark, G. E. (2013) Rethinking the Rule of Law and Administrative Justice from Managed to Neoliberal Capitalism in the United States: Evidence from the Case of Temporary Labor Migrant Regulation (1942‒2011) : EUI Working Paper MWP 2013/30. European University Institute. 24 p.
Comaroff, J. (1990) Re-Marx on Repression and the Rule of Law. Law and Social Inquiry. 15 (4), 671–678. Available from: doi:10.1111/j.1747-4469.1990.tb00598.x.
Dansby, J. W. (2017) Rule of Law in the United States. Stability is one of the World’s Most Valued Commodities. University of Miami International and Comparative Law Review. 17 (1), 147–165. Available from: doi:10.2478/ICLR-2018-0006.
Desautels-Stein, J. (2021) Rule of Law. In: d'Aspremont, J. & Haskell, J. (eds.) Tipping Points in International Law: Commitment and Critique. Cambridge, pp. 271–292.
Dicey, A. V. (1982) Introduction to the Study of the Law of the Constitution. Repr. of the 8th ed. Indianapolis. 435 p.
Endicott, T. A. O. (1999) The Impossibility of the Rule of Law. Oxford Journal of Legal Studies. 19 (1), 1–18.
Fallon, R. H. (1997) “The Rule of Law” as a Concept in Constitutional Discourse. Columbia Law Review. 97 (1), 1–56. Available from: doi:10.2307/1123446.
Finnis, J. (1980) Natural Law and Natural Rights. Oxford. 425 p.
Fuller, L. L. (1969) The Morality of Law. Rev. ed. New Haven. 262 p.
Horwitz, M. J. (1977) The Rule of Law: An Unqualified Human Good? The Yale Law Journal. 86 (3), 561–566.
Humphreys, S. (2006) Nomarchy: On the Rule of Law and Authority in Giorgio Agamben and Aristotle. Cambridge Review of International Affairs. 19 (2), 331–351. Available from: doi:10.1080/09557570600724827.
Hussain, N. (2003) The Jurisprudence of Emergency: Colonialism and the Rule of Law. University of Michigan Press. 192 p.
Hussain, N. (2007) Beyond Norm and Exception: Guantánamo. Critical Inquiry. 33 (4), 734–753. Available from: doi:10.1086/521567.
Jones, H. W. (1958) The Rule of Law and the Welfare State. Columbia Law Review. 58 (2), 143–156. Available from: doi:10.2307/1119825.
Keeling, D. G., Losavio, M. & Hughes, T. W. (2015) Rule of Law. In: The Encyclopedia of Crime and Punishment. Available from: doi:10.1002/9781118519639.WBECPX044.
Klingner, D. E. (2021) The Rule of Law: Donald E. Klingner. Public Integrity. 23 (1), 103–106. Available from: doi:10.1080/10999922.2020.1827620.
Mandel, M. (1986) Marxism and the Rule of Law. UNB Law Journal. 1986. 35, 7‒34.
Marmor, A. (1996) The Ideal of the Rule of Law. In: Patterson, D. M. (ed.) A Companion to Philosophy of Law and Legal Theory. 2nd ed. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 666–674. Available from: doi:10.1002/9781444320114.ch48.
Martel, J. R. (2017) The Law of Rules: Hyperlegalism, Emergency and the Violence of Procedure. Law, Culture and the Humanities. 17 (1), 53‒70. Available from: doi:10.1177/1743872117741817.
Massoud, M. F. (2016) Ideals and Practices in the Rule of Law: An Essay on Legal Politics. Law & Social Inquiry. 41 (2), 489–501. Available from: doi:10.1111/lsi.12196.
Medcalf, L. (1978) Law and Identity: Lawyers, Native Americans and Legal Practice. Beverly Hills. 147 p.
Murphy, J. G. (1970) Violence and the Rule of Law. Ethics. 80, 319–321.
Neumann, F. L. (1957) The Democratic and the Authoritarian State: Essays in Political and Legal Theory. New York. 303 p.
Noel, B. (1989) Reynolds Grounding the Rule of Law. Ratio Juris. 2 (1), 1‒16. Available from: doi:10.1111/J.1467-9337.1989.TB00022.X.
Pejchalová Grünwaldová, V. (2021) The Rule of Law and Property. In: Elósegui, M., Miron, A. & Motoc, I. (eds.) The Rule of Law in Europe. Cham, pp. 49‒57. Available from: doi:10.1007/978-3-030-56001-0_4.
Rawls, J. (1999) A Theory of Justice. Rev. ed. Harvard University Press. 538 p.
Raz, J. (1979) The Rule of Law and Its Virtue. In: The Authority of Law: Essays on Law and Morality. Oxford, pp. 210–229.
Reynolds, N. B. (1985) The Doctrine of the Rule of Law in the Twentieth Century. Faculty Publications. (1466), 1‒54. URL: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2467&context=facpub (accessed: 18.01.2026).
Reynolds, N. B. (1989) Grounding the Rule of Law. Ratio Juris. 2 (1), 1–16. Available from: doi:10.1111/j.1467-9337.1989.tb00022.x.
Sargentich, L. D. (2018) Liberal Legality: A Unified Theory of Our Law. Cambridge University Press. 176 p.
Scheuerman, W. E. (ed.). (1996) The Rule of Law under Siege: Selected Essays of Franz L. Neumann and Otto Kirchheimer. University of California Press. 280 p.
Simmonds, N. E. (2007) Law as a Moral Idea. Oxford University Press. 209 p.
Summers, R. S. (1999) Principles of the Rule of Law. Notre Dame Law Review. 74 (5), 1691–1712.
Sunstein, C. R. (1994) Rules and Rulelessness : Coase-Sandor Institute for Law & Economics Working Paper No. 27. Chicago. 71 p.
Taiwo, O. (1999) The Rule of Law: The New Leviathan? Canadian Journal of Law & Jurisprudence. 12 (1), 151–168. Available from: doi:10.1017/S0841820900002186.
Tamanaha, B. Z. (2004) On the Rule of Law: History, Politics, Theory. Cambridge University Press. 180 p.
Thompson, E. P. (1975) Whigs and Hunters: The Origin of the Black Act. New York. 312 p.
Varga, C. (2021) Rule of Law, Contesting and Contested. Central European Journal of Comparative Law. 2 (1), 245–278. Available from: doi:10.47078/2021.1.245-278.
Waldron, J. (2023) Thoughtfulness and the Rule of Law. Harvard University Press. 320 p.
Willis, J. (1974) Canadian Administrative Law in Retrospect. University of Toronto Law Journal. 24 (3), 225–246.